The Convenience and Risks of QR Codes
The digital age has brought about significant advancements in technology, making our lives more convenient. One such innovation is the Quick Response (QR) code. These two-dimensional barcodes allow users to share website URLs, contact information, and even make payments. However, while QR codes have simplified our lives, they have also provided cybercriminals with new opportunities for exploitation.
The Rise of QR Code Phishing Attacks
QR code phishing attacks, also known as quishing, are becoming increasingly prevalent, posing a serious threat to users and organizations. Cybercriminals are exploiting QR codes in email attacks, tricking recipients into visiting harmful websites or downloading malware onto their devices. These attacks often involve social engineering tactics that prey on the trust people place in emails.
How Cybercriminals Exploit QR Codes
Attackers embed QR codes in phishing emails, luring users to scan the code and visit a deceptive page that mimics a trusted service or application. Once there, victims are tricked into entering their login credentials, which are then captured by the perpetrator. Fake QR codes may also lead to surveys or forms that request personal information, often with the promise of rewards or prizes in exchange for information or a small payment.
The Threat of Malware Downloads and Compromised Devices
QR codes can also lead victims to malicious websites that automatically download malware onto their devices upon scanning. This malware can range from spyware to ransomware, enabling attackers to steal data or seize control of a compromised device. In some cases, QR codes are used to open payment sites, follow social media accounts, and even send pre-written email messages from victims’ accounts, allowing hackers to impersonate their victims and target others in their contact list.
Detecting QR Code Attacks in Email Messages
QR code attacks are challenging to detect using traditional email filtering methods, as there is no embedded link or malicious attachment to scan. Email filtering is not designed to follow a QR code to its destination and scan for harmful content. It also moves the actual threat to a different device that may not be protected by corporate security software. One of the methods to detect these attacks is through the use of AI. AI-based detection takes into account other signals such as senders, content, image size, and placement to determine malicious intent.
Preventing QR Code Scams: The Role of User Education
One of the most effective ways to prevent QR code scams is to educate users about these attacks. If QR code attacks are not currently part of your security awareness training, it’s time to include them. Users should exercise caution when scanning QR codes delivered through email or other methods to protect themselves from falling victim to these scams.